Markeing Managment Essay Example

Markeing Managment Paper Showcasing Management Knowledge and Skills Tenth Edition J. Paul Peter University of Wisconsin-Madison James H. Donnelly, Jr. /University of Kentucky Me Graw Hill McGraw-Hill Irwin Contents SECTION 1 ESSENTIALS OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT 1 Processing of Research Data 3 7 Preparation of the Research Report 38 Limitations of the Research Process 38 Marketing Information Systems Conclusion 41 40 PART An INTRODUCTION 3 Chapter 3 Consumer Behavior 42 Chapter 1 Strategic Planning and the Marketing Management Process 4 The Marketing Concept 4 What Is Marketing? What Is Strategic Planning? Social Influences on Consumer Decision Making 43 Culture and Subculture 43 Social Class 44 Reference Groups and Families 6 45 6 Strategic Planning and Marketing Management The Strategic Planning Process 7 The Complete Strategic Plan 16 Marketing Influences on Consumer Decision Making 45 Product Influences 45 Price Influences 45 Promotion Influences 46 Place Influences 46 20 The Marketing Management Process 16 Circumstance Analysis 16 * Marketing Planning 19 Implementation and Control of the Marketing Plan Marketing Information Systems and Marketing Research 21 Situational Influences on Consumer Decision Making 47 Psychological Influences on Consumer Decision Making 47 Product Knowledge 47 Product Involvement 48 The Strategic Plan, The Marketing Plan, and Other Functional Area Plans 21 Marketings Role in Cross-Functional Strategic Planning 21 Consumer Decision Making Need Recognition 49 †¢ Alternative Search 50 Alternative Evaluation 51 Purchase Decision 51 Postpurchase Evaluation 52 48 Conclusion 22 Appendix Portfolio Models 25 PART B MARKETING INFORMATION, RESEARCH, AND UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET MARKET 29 Chapter 2 Marketing Research: Process and Systems for Decision Making 30 The Role of Marketing Research 30 The Marketing Research Process 31 Purpose of the Research 31 Plan of the Research 32 Performance of the Research 37 xii Conclusion 54 Chapter 4 Business, Government, and Institutional Buying 55 Classifications of Organizational Buyers Producers 55 Intermediaries 56 Government Agencies 56 Other Institutions 56 55 The Organizational Buying Process 56 Purchase-Type Influences on Organizational Buying 57 Straight Rebuy 57 Contents Modified Rebuy 57 New Task Purchase 5 7 xiii Structural Influences on Organizational Buying Purchasing Roles 58 Organization-Specific Factors 59 Purchasing Policies and Procedures 59 58 Chapter 7 New Product Planning and Development 98 New Product Strategy 99 New Product Planning and Development Process 101 We will compose a custom article test on Markeing Managment explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Markeing Managment explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Markeing Managment explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Conduct Influences on Organizational Buying Personal Motivations Role Perceptions 60 Stages in the Organizational Buying Process Organizational Need 63 Vendor Analysis 63 Purchase Activities 63 Postpurchase Evaluation 63 62 Idea Generation 101 Idea Screening 103 Project Planning 104 Product Development 105 Test Marketing 105 Commercialization 106 The Importance of Time 106 Some Important New Product Decisions Quality Level 107 Product Features 108 Product Design 108 Product Safety 109 107 Conclusion 65 Part 5 Market Segmentation 66 Delineate the Firms Current Situation 66 Determine Consumer Needs and Wants 67 Divide Markets on Relevant Dimensions 67 A Priori versus Post Hoc Segmentation 68 Relevance of Segmentation Dimensions 68 Bases for Segmentation 69 Causes of New Product Failure Needfor Research 109 Conclusion 111 Develop Product Positioning 75 Decide Segmentation Strategy 76 Design Marketing Mix Strategy 77 Conclusion 78 Chapter 8 Integrated Marketing Communications Strategic Goals of Marketing Communication Make Awareness 112 Build Positive Images 112 Identify Prospects 112 Build Channel Relationships Retain Customers 113 112 PARTC THE MARKETING MIX 79 Chapter 6 Product and Brand Strategy Basic Issues in Product Management Product Definition 80 Product Classification 81 Product Quality and Value 82 Product Mix and Product Line 83 Branding and Brand Equity 84 Packaging 88 113 The Promotion Mix 113 Integrated Marketing Communications 114 Advertising: Planning and Strategy 116 80 Objectives ofAdvertising 116 Advertising Decisions 16 The Expenditure Question 117 The Allocation Question 120 Sales Promotion 124 Product Life Cycle The Product Audit 90 93 Push versus Pull Marketing 124 Trade Sales Promotions 125 Consumer Promotions 126 What Sales Promotion Can and Cant Do 126 Product Adoption and Diffusion 93 95 Deletions 93 Product Improvement Organizing for Product Management Conclusion 97 95 Public Relations 128 Direct Marketing 128 Conclusion 129 Appendix Major Federal Agencies Involved in Control of Advertising 131 xiv Contents Chapter 9 Individual Selling, Relationship Building, and Sales Management 132 Importance of Personal Selling 132 The Sales Process 133 Objectives of the Sales Force 133 The Sales Relationship-Building Process 134 People Who Support the Sales Force 140 Managing the Sales and Relationship-Building Process 141 The Sales Management Task 141 Controlling the Sales Force 142 Motivating and Compensating Performance 146 Conclusion 146 Estimate Costs and Other Price Limitations 170 Analyze Profit Potential 171 Set Initial Price Structure 171 Change Price varying 172 Conclusion 172 PARTD MARKETING IN SPECIAL FIELDS 173 Chapter 12 The Marketing of Services 174 Important Characteristics of Services 176 Intangibility 176 Inseparability 177 Perishability and Fluctuating Demand 178 Client Relationship 178 Customer Effort 179 Uniformity 180 Providing Quality Services 180 Customer Satisfaction Measurement 182 The Importance of Internal Marketing 182 Overcoming the Obstacles in Service Marketing Limited View of Marketing 184 Limited Competition 184 Noncreative Management 185 No Obsolescence 185 The Service Challenge 186 Banking 186 Health Care 186 Insurance 187 Travel 187 Implications for Service Marketers 188 Conclusion 189 Section 10 Distribution Strategy 148 The Need for Marketing Intermediaries 148 Classification of Marketing Intermediaries and Functions 148 Channels of Distribution 150 Selecting Channels of Distribution 151 Specific Considerations 151 Managing a Channel of Distribution 154 Relationship Marketing in Channels 154 Vertical Marketing Systems 154 Wholesaling 157 Store and Nonstore Retailing 15 8 Store Retailing 158 Nonstore Retailing 159 Conclusion 162 184 Chapter 11 Pricing Strategy 63 Demand Influences on Pricing Decisions 163 Demographic Factors 163 Psychological Factors 163 Price Elasticity 164 Supply Influences on Pricing Decisions 165 Pricing Objectives 165 Cost Considerations in Pricing 165 Product Considerations in Pricing 167 Environmental Influences on Pricing Decisions Competition 168 Government Regulations 168 A General Pricing Model 169 Set Pricing Objectives 169 Evaluate Product-Price Relationships 169 Chapter 13 Global Marketing 190 The Competitive Advantage of Nations 191 Organizing for Global Marketing 192 Problems with Entering Foreign Markets 192 Organizing the Multinational Company 195 Programming for Global Marketing 197 Global Marketing Research 197 Global Product Strategy 200 Global Distribution Strategy 200 Global Pricing Strategy 201 Global Advertising and Sales Promotion Strategy 201 Entry and Growth Strategies for Global Marketing 202 Conclusion 205 168 Contents xv SECTION 2 ANALYZING MARKETING PROBLEMS AND CASES 207 A Case Analysis Framework 208 1. Break down and Record the Current Situation 209 2. Break down and Record Problems and Their Core Elements 213 3. Plan, Evaluate, and Record Alternative Courses ofAction 214 4. Select and Record the Chosen Alternative and Implementation Details 215 Pitfalls to Avoid in Case Analysis 215 Communicating Case Analyses 218 The Written Report 218 The Oral Presentation 220 Conclusion 220 Exercise 7 238 Pricing Issues on the Internet 238 Exercise 8 238 Selecting the Internet as a Distribution Channel 238 Exercise 9 239 Internet Advertising 239 Exercise 10 239 The Adaptation of Services to the Internet 239 Exercise 11 240 Marketing Communications Techniques in the Internet Age 240 Web SOURCES OF MARKETING INFORMATION 241 Charles Heath: Eastern Kentucky University Corporate Web Sites 242 Search Engines and Directories 242 Government Sites 243 Business Publications 243 Newspapers 244 National Papers 244 Large City Papers 244 International Papers 245 Regional Papers 245 General Business Sites 245 Internet Marketing Reference Sites 246 Compilation Sites 246 SECTION 3 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS FOR MARKETING DECISIONS 221 Financial Analysis 222 Break-Even Analysis 222 Net Present Value Analysis 224 Ratio Analysis 226 Conclusion 230 Segment 4 INTERNET EXERCISES AND SOURCES OF MARKETING INFORMATION 231 PART An INTERNET EXERCISES 233 Charles Heath: Eastern Kentucky University Exercise 1 234 Corporate Web Sites 234 Exercise 2 234 Online versus Offline Retail Experiences 234 Exercise 3 235 Consumer Decision-Making Process 235 Exercise 4 236 Discovering Product Assortments Online 236 Exercise 5 236 Brand Equity on the Internet 236 Exercise 6 237 The Impact of Communities on Marketing 237 5 MARKETING MANAGEMENT CASES 247 MARKET OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS 249 Case! McDonalds Corporation 250 I Paul Peter and Ashish Gokhale: University of Wisconsin-Madison Case 2 Southwest Airlines 2008 257 Andrew C. Inkpen: Thunderbird School of Global Management xvi Contents Case 3 South Delaware Coors, Inc. CASE GROUPC 271 PROMOTION STRATEGY 373 James E. Nelson and Eric J. Karson: University of Colorado Case 4 Ruths Chris: The High Stakes of International Expansion 280 Allen H. Kupetz and lion Alon: University of Western Ont

Birthright Citizenship in the United States

Claim Citizenship in the United States Claim citizenship in the United States is the legitimate rule that any individual conceived on U.S. soil consequently and promptly turns into a U.S. resident. It diverges from U.S. citizenship got through naturalization or procurement citizenship conceded by goodness of being brought into the world abroad to at any rate one U.S. resident parent. A â€Å"birthright† is characterized as any privilege or benefit to which an individual is entitled by excellence of birth. Since quite a while ago tested in both the courtrooms and popular sentiment, the strategy of claim citizenship remains profoundly disputable today, especially when applied to youngsters destined to undocumented worker guardians. Key Takeaways: Birthright Citizenship Claim citizenship is the legitimate rule that any individual conceived on U.S. soil consequently turns into a resident of the United States.Birthright citizenship was built up in1868 by the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and affirmed by the US Supreme Court in the 1898 instance of United States v. Wong Kim Ark.Birthright citizenship is conceded to people conceived in the 50 U.S. states and the U.S. domains of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.Today, bequest citizenship is a profoundly dubious issue as it applies to kids destined to guardians who have entered the United States unlawfully. Jus Soli and Jus Sanguinis Citizenship Claim citizenship depends on the guideline of â€Å"jus soli,† a Latin expression meaning â€Å"right of the soil.† According to jus soli, a person’s citizenship is controlled by their place of birth. As in the United States, jus soli is the most widely recognized methods by which citizenship is procured. Jus Soli is as opposed to â€Å"jus sanguinis,† meaning â€Å"right of the blood,† the rule that a person’s citizenship is resolved or gained by the nationality of one or the two guardians. In the United States, citizenship can be procured by either jus soli, or less generally, by jus sanguinis.â Lawful Basis of US Birthright Citizenship In the United States, the approach of claim citizenship is situated in the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, expressing â€Å"[a]ll people conceived or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the ward thereof, are residents of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.† Ratified in 1868, the Fourteenth Amendment was established to supersede the 1857 U.S. Incomparable Court’s Dred Scott v. Sandford choice which had denied citizenship to previous African American slaves. In the 1898 instance of United States v. Wong Kim Ark, the U.S. Incomparable Court affirmed that under the Fourteenth Amendment, full U.S. citizenship can't be denied to any individual conceived inside the United States, paying little heed to the citizenship status of the guardians at that point. Under the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924, inheritance citizenship is comparatively allowed to any individual conceived in the United States to an individual from an Indian, Eskimo, Aleutian, or other native clan. Under the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, U.S. jus soli bequest citizenship, as set up by the Fourteenth Amendment, is naturally conceded to any individual conceived inside any of the 50 states and the domains of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. What's more, jus sanguinis bequest citizenship is conceded (with certain special cases) to people destined to U.S. residents while in other countries.â The above rules and resulting authoritative changes are arranged and systematized into the United States Code of Federal Laws at 8 U.S.C.  § 1401 to characterize who turns into a United States resident during childbirth. As indicated by government law, the accompanying people will be esteemed U.S. residents during childbirth: An individual conceived in the United States, and subject to the purview thereof.A individual conceived in the United States to an individual from an Indian, Eskimo, Aleutian, or other native tribe.A individual conceived in a peripheral ownership of the United States of guardians one of whom is a resident of the United States who has been truly present in the United States or one of its remote belongings for a constant time of one year whenever preceding the introduction of such person.A individual of obscure parentage found in the United States while younger than five years, until appeared, before his achieving the age of twenty-one years, not to have been conceived in the United States. The Birthright Citizenship Debate While the legitimate idea of bequest citizenship has withstood long periods of difficulties in the official courtrooms, its arrangement of consequently conceding U.S. citizenship to offspring of undocumented outsiders has not fared too in the court of general sentiment. For instance, a 2015 Pew Research Center study found that 53% of Republicans, 23% of Democrats, and 42% of Americans generally speaking kindness changing the Constitution to bar citizenship for kids conceived in the U.S. to undocumented settler guardians. Numerous rivals of claim citizenship contend that it urges hopeful guardians to go to the U.S. just to conceive an offspring so as to improve their own odds of achieving lawful inhabitant (green card) status-a training frequently called â€Å"birth tourism.† According to a Pew Hispanic Center examination of Census Bureau information, an expected 340,000 of the 4.3 million infants conceived in the United States in 2008 were destined to â€Å"unauthorized immigrants.† The Pew concentrate further gauges that an aggregate of around 4,000,000 American-conceived offspring of unapproved migrant guardians lived in the U.S. in 2009, alongside about 1.1 million remote conceived offspring of unapproved worker guardians. Dubiously considering it the â€Å"anchor baby† circumstance, a few administrators have recommended enactment to change how and when bequest citizenship is conceded. The 2015 Pew examination found that inheritance citizenship was allowed to around 275,000 children destined to undocumented outsider guardians in 2014, or about 7% of all births in the U.S. that year. That number speaks to a drop from the pinnacle year of unlawful migration in 2006 when around 370,000 kids about 9% of all births-were destined to undocumented outsiders. Moreover, about 90% of undocumented settlers who conceive an offspring in the U.S. have lived in the nation for over two years before conceiving an offspring. On October 30, 2018, President Donald Trump heightened the discussion by expressing that he proposed to give an official request totally evacuating the privilege of citizenship to individuals conceived in the U.S. to outside nationals under any conditions a demonstration some contend would basically revoke the Fourteenth Amendment. The president set no timetable for his proposed request, so bequest citizenship-as set up by the Fourteenth Amendment and United States v. Wong Kim Ark-remains the rule that everyone must follow. Different Countries With Birthright Citizenship As per the free, non-fanatic Center for Immigration Studies, the United States alongside Canada and 37 different nations, the vast majority of which are in the Western Hemisphere, offer to a great extent unlimited jus soli inheritance citizenship. No Western Europe nations offer unlimited claim citizenship to all youngsters conceived inside their outskirts. Throughout the most recent decade, numerous nations, including France, New Zealand, and Australia, have deserted bequest citizenship. In 2005, Ireland turned into the last nation in the European Union to cancel inheritance citizenship. Sources and Further Reference Arthur, Andrew R. (November 5, 2018). Claim Citizenship: An Overview. Place for Immigration Studies.Smith, Rogers M. (2009). Claim Citizenship and the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868 and 2008. College of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law.Lee, Margaret (May 12, 2006). U.S. Citizenship of Persons Born in the United States to Alien Parents. Congressional Research Service.Da Silva, Chantal. (October 30, 2018). Trump Says He Plans to Sign Executive Order to Terminate Birthright Citizenship. CNN.

We Made the World Were Living In, and We Have to Make It Over

We Made the World We’re Living In, and We Have to Make It Over Yesterday, Friday, was my third day working at the Atlantic. I graduated a little over a month ago, moved to Washington, D.C. a week ago, and started the fellowship on Wednesday. The city is lush, green, unfamiliar. The air is heavy with humidity and heads and hearts, this week, are heavier. I spent yesterday in a newsroom, with the weight and force of recent murders in Minneapolis, Baton Rouge, and Dallas rushing in torrents. I spent the day scanning news sources for updates, any updates, and updating the CityLab article accordingly. I was forced not to look away. At four thirty in the afternoon, I needed to. News was not breaking so quickly anymore. I stepped away. I wrote: Standing in the lower courtyard of the Watergate building beneath a white ledge textured with cracks and mineral deposits from the constant dripping of waterminiature stalactites the color of saltbefore a rippling turquoise pool in white concrete basin. I have been on Dallas all day. My throat is dry and hollow. I am afraid for people I love. I am afraid for all of us. I want the black and brown people I love to feel safe and beloved in their skin. We live in a dystopia. Envisioning alternative worlds, alternative futuresradical reenvisioning is the only way forward I see. Where can we go for healing and peace? Can a civilization be healed? Can damage to hateful soulsthe rot that creeps inbe undone? Not by fear. The humidity turns this courtyard into a jungle. I am wearing green silk pants and the hem has fallen. A fountain at the entrance of the Watergate building, my first day at the Atlantic We live in a wounded and divided country, in a fragile state. Families and communities are torn apart by unlawful executions, deportations, the criminalization of survival. Black and brown bodies are torn apart by bullets their taxes paid for. Our humanity is torn apart as we witness this and do nothing, change nothing, deny, grow desensitized to the brutality. It is not enough to change the practices of police. We must change ourselves, our ways of being, and our country. We must be brave enough, imaginative enough, and compassionate enough to envision a world in which blackness is not feared and lives are valued. How to begin? Without having anything whatever against Cadillacs, refrigerators and all the paraphernelia of American life, I yet suspect there is something much more important and much more real which produces the Cadillac, refrigerator, atom bomb, and what produces is, after all, is something which we dont seem to want to look at, and that is the person. A country is only as goodI dont care now about the Constitution and the laws, at the moment let us leave these things asidea country is only as strong as the people who make it up and the country turns into what the people want it to become. Now, this country is going to be transformed. It will not be transformed by an act of God, but by all of us, by you and me. I dont believe any longer that we can afford to say that it is entirely out of our hands. We made the world were living in and we have to make it over. James Baldwin, Nobody Knows My Name People who are exhausted and afraid, I am with you. People who are grasping at straws, trying to understand, trying to find what to do, I am with you. ______ Resources: Michelle Alexander on Transformative Change Self Care for People of Color After Psychological Trauma (and Other References) What to Do Instead of Calling the Police

Importance Of Meditation And The Kind Of Mindset Yoda

Basing one’s understanding of meditation from the terms mentioned above, one can see the resemblance and connection between meditation and the kind of mindset Yoda asks Luke Skywalker to emulate. In Star Wars, concentration is essential to the life of a Jedi Knight, because through its practice, a Jedi is able to let the force flow through them, to guide his actions, instead of suffering and failing from clinging to the notion of control. Buddhist Meditation allows for one to be fully present, to take in everything that the present moment has to offer, instead of clinging to the past that is long gone, and the future that has yet to come. Correspondingly, Jedi Knights are asked to focus on the present because every emotion that disrupts their mission to protect the galaxies, lies in clinging to emotions that surround the past and the future. To further understand the concept of being fully present, according to author Matthew Bortolin: We become caught in the memories of our past mistakes and lost in fantasies about future triumphs, and in so doing we lose the joy available in the present. In the time of the Buddha his disciples were known to be exceptionally joyful and even radiant. It was a striking sight: simple monks, residing in the wilderness and eating very little, yet so luminous and serene. When asked how this came to be, the Buddha said, ‘They do not repent the past, nor do they brood for the future. They live in the present. Therefore they are radiant. ByShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesChange and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing

The Ethical And Legal Dilemmas - 1519 Words

Some of the most difficult medical decisions to be made are those involving the life of a disabled or non-viable fetus. Such decisions are often filled with ethical and legal dilemmas. The fetus is just one of the many lives affected in the decision making process. In these scenarios, clear communication between the parents of the fetus and the health providers is crucial. Making the wrong decision could result in the weight of a large burden for the rest of one’s life. In this paper I will bring to light the ethical and legal dilemmas involved in beginning of life scenarios, along with examples of such situations, and ways health care providers can avoid such dilemmas. The principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice are what make up the foundation of bio-medical ethics. According to Kantian moral philosophy, autonomy is defined as the capacity of an agent to act in accordance with objective morality rather than under the influence of desires. Respect for autonomy is that the patient has the right to refuse or choose his or her treatment. Beneficence is defined online as a concept in research ethics, which states that researchers should have the welfare of the research participant as a goal of any clinical trial or other research study, meaning that a practitioner should act in the best interest of the patient. Non-maleficence, according to the medical ethics textbook, is not harming others, which implies that physicians not technically competent toShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical And Legal Dilemma2044 Words   |  9 Pagestheir beliefs are often in stark contrast with a doctor or nurses’ obligations as a healthcare provider (Henderson, 2005). An ethical and legal dilemma is created when a Jehovah’s witness refusal for blood transfusions puts a patient’s freedom and autonomy regarding medical intervention against a nurse or doctor’s duty to provide lifesaving treatment. This ethical dilemma affects nursing because it places the nurse in a difficult situation where they must knowingly respect all individual religiousRead MoreEthical and Legal Dilemma in It4378 Words   |  18 PagesEthical and Legal Dilemma in IT Nanette E. Armstrong Capella University TS5536 Ethical and Legal Considerations in Information Technology 17 March 2012 Ethical and Legal Dilemma in IT Based on the definition of cyberethics as given by Tavani, â€Å"the study of moral, legal, and social issues involving cybertechnology† (2010, pg. 3), law is usually/always a part of cyberethics to one degree or another. Being right or wrong based on society’s value builds the fundamentals of ethics. MoralRead MoreIdentification of Ethical and Legal Dilemmas1689 Words   |  7 PagesETHICAL DILEMMA In the current scenario, my client has been experiencing severe depression and suicidal tendencies. Through diagnosis, I have come to learn that she had been involved in a romantic relationship with her previous counselor during the counseling period. She also claims hat she has been having suicidal feelings since the romantic relationship was terminated six months ago. She accepts responsibility for the romantic relationship. It is to be seen what ethical and legal dilemmas areRead MoreEthical and Legal Dilemmas of Surrogacy Essay2979 Words   |  12 PagesEthical and Legal Dilemmas of Surrogacy Christie Blackwell HCA 322 Dr. Nine Bell June 17, 2013 Ethical and Legal Dilemmas of Surrogacy Many individuals have a life plan consisting of college, marriage, and then children. After numerous methods of conception, many couples are still unable to conceive a child. A woman who enters into a contract with a couple, agreeing to carry and birth a child, then hand that child over to the contracted couple, who is often unable to conceiveRead MoreEthical Dilemma By Using Legal Principles1755 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction There is one case study of an ethical situation that needs to be solved. This essay will deliberate and analyse this dilemma. Intending to use Kerridge’s model for indicating ethical decision-making in this practice. That is including identify the ethical dilemma by using legal principles and concepts to examine it. Case Study Here is a scenario of Mark, who is 28-year-old and was injured from a car accident. He had been diagnosed with significant internal bleeding by a doctor. ThereRead MoreEthical Legal Dilemmas in Nursing Essay2393 Words   |  10 Pages Ethical Legal Dilemma in Advanced Practice Nursing Ethical Legal Dilemma in Advanced Practice Nursing The profession of advanced practice nursing is characterized by several attributes, one of them being the delicate balance between the law and the ethical code. One may argue that the legal system was designed around ethical principles but in the following paper, the author will attempt to point out the distinctions that separate and define legal and ethicalRead MoreThe Ethical And Legal Dilemmas That Ms. Burrows1167 Words   |  5 PagesDissecting an Ethical Case Study Section #1 The ethical and legal dilemmas that Ms. Burrows admitted to in the stipulation and final agency order were: billing insurance after taking payment for services, inadequate documentation and record keeping, and failure to have a signed mandatory disclosure (Stipulation Case No. 2013-938). When making reports to third parties such as insurance providers, counselors are required to be truthful and forthcoming (American Counseling Association, 2014). TakingRead MoreLegal And Ethical Dilemmas Of The Healthcare Industry2131 Words   |  9 PagesControversial topics exist in nearly every industry, but perhaps none more dramatic and differentiated than those issues in the Healthcare industry. Legal and ethical dilemmas are constantly present within the Healthcare industry, so it is important to understand the governing laws and that there is an understandable diversity of opinions on these sensitive topics, which can lead to differing opinions about the â€Å"right† thing to do in a particular situation (Harris, 2008). One such topic is that ofRead MoreLegal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas1792 Words   |  8 PagesLEGAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS ETHICAL DILEMMAS Ethics is an essential component of all situations and decisions of life, whether personal or professional. Ethics defines itself as, a systemized set of generally accepted standards or moral values and also the academic study of such belief systems (Massey stream glossary). Ethics can further be divided into various categories depending on the issues and aspects of each respective case. An ethical dimension of business decision-making hasRead MoreEthical Legal Dilemma Advanced Practice Nursing Case Study II3315 Words   |  14 Pages Ethical Legal Dilemma Advanced Practice Nursing Case Study II Norman Ginn Kaplan Ethical and Legal Perspectives MN 506 Tracy Towne Ethical Legal Dilemma Advanced Practice Nursing Case Study II Health insurance policies have set limits on what services will be paid for with a terminally ill person in the home and these limitations may conflict with the nurse’s obligation to provide care for the terminally ill patient (Fry, Veatch Taylor, 2011).   Speaking with the family of a 59 year old

Letter of Persuasion Free Essays

I hope this letter reaches you in good health and good graces. I am writing this letter to tell you about this persistent issue Eve had with my teeth. It all started when I was told that along with my four wisdom teeth I had to get an extra tooth which was growing on the bottom right row, extracted as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter of Persuasion or any similar topic only for you Order Now After the first grueling month of post wisdom tooth extraction pain, came more problems. Now I have a hole in my mouth on that bottom right row and, I can’t go one meal still to this day without it bleeding, and let me remind you that my teeth were extracted about six to eight months ago and the hole still bleeds after a meal, snack etc. Which also makes it hard when you want to get food out of that hole. Because the gap is wide enough after every meal something gets stuck in there and if the hole is punctured with a straw, fork, toothpick, dental floss in efforts to get the food out, it will not only cause more pain but more bleeding as well. This explains why the gap is swollen, because its been stabbed multiple times in efforts to get the food out, so now its become sore. The days you do not have a straw, fork, toothpick or dental floss readily available, the food stays there making the pain more unbearable, and making it more possible for infections. Imagine having to deal with this everyday, and your a sixteen year old boy with a Job which requires a lot of talking, and with every time you move your mouth, you feel a pain from this throbbing hole, which the doctors who took your wisdom teeth and your extra tooth out said would be handled by braces, all that would be needed was the insurance company to say yes. So after breakfast, lunch and dinner, I have to take a Ethylene or David to reduce the pain, swelling and bleeding, and each day that I take one, the drowsier I become, which makes It a lot harder for me to do my Job when Im extremely groggy. On top of all this my breathing has gotten heavier from after the extraction of the tooth, especially when I lay down, my heart rate increases, and my breathing becomes loud. I first noticed that I truly had a breathing issue when I was having a conversation with a friend, and he asked me had I been inning and I said â€Å"no’, and he said â€Å"l can hear you breathing† Before the operation my breathing was fine, I never had any Issues, I never even had asthma. Now when I’m standing perfectly still or trying to go to bed, my constant deep breathing Is always there. So I am writing this letter today not plead for braces because of a minor overbite or cross-bite, but I truly hope that from my narrative and Orthodontics narrative that my very serious oral condition will be taken Into deep consideration a second time around. Ever since my teeth were taken out I was assured that the pain loud only be temporary and once the Insurance approved for braces the hole would be closed up and the Issues would be gone but since that surgery date I have had more problems then ever before, which has Interfered with my schooling, work and everyday activities. I hope you take pity In the fact that I suffer everyday with this Issue and would Like nothing more then the Insurance company to help finally see what I go through day to day. I would Just Like to say thank you for taking the time to read my letter, and hope you can get back to me soon. Letter of Persuasion By phantom day that I take one, the drowsier I become, which makes it a lot harder for me to do from after the extraction of the tooth, especially when I lay down, my heart rate running and I said â€Å"no†, and he said â€Å"I can hear you breathing† Before the operation my breathing was fine, I never had any issues, I never even had asthma. Now when I’m standing perfectly still or trying to go to bed, my constant deep breathing is narrative that my very serious oral condition will be taken into deep consideration a loud only be temporary and once the insurance approved for braces the hole would be closed up and the issues would be gone but since that surgery date I have had more problems then ever before, which has interfered with my schooling, work and everyday activities. How to cite Letter of Persuasion, Papers

Case Study Sample-John Wong (Transurethral Resection Of The Prostate)

Questions: Case Study 3: John Wong (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate) John Wong is an 80 year old male of Chinese origin. Johns medical history includes hypothyroidism and osteoporosis and he smokes 10 cigarettes per day. His gait has recently been increasingly unstable and he has difficulty with simple tasks, such as getting up his house stairs and getting up from chairs. In the last 4 weeks, he has noticed that he has been having difficulty passing urine and some abdominal discomfort. His GP referred him to a urologist and a prostate biopsy was taken. This showed BPH (benign prostate hyperplasia) and it was recommended that he undergo a Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP). While conducting Johns pre-admission assessment it is noted that John is slightly hypertensive and is fidgeting and moving around the waiting room. After some education John states that he is pleased to have the surgery as he hopes it will relieve some of the discomfort he has been experiencing. John tells the nurse that he currently lives alone. Johns surgery is uneventful during the intra-operative stage. On arrival to PACU John is placed in a supine position. He is drowsy and restless and oxygenated through a facemask on 02 at 5l/min. A wheeze and non-productive cough is noted. John has an IDC insitu with continuous bladder irrigation with output noted to be a reddish pink. A number of blankets are placed on top of him as he is shivering. His observations are T 36.5c, HR 90, RR 30, BP 150/90 and SpO2 91%. John is transferred to the surgical ward after a 65 minute stay in PACU. John remains drowsy but easily rousable. He is oxygenated via intra-nasal cannulae at 2l/min and he states his pain is 3/10. He has 0.9% sodium chloride infusion running at 125ml/hr. Post-operative orders include IVF, analgesia (PRN Endone, 5mg 6hrly and Paracetamol, 1g 4-6hourly), strict FBC and continuous bladder irrigation for 24 hours, with an aim of rose urine output. Four hours after Johns return to the ward he is observed to be in pain and distressed. He is diaphoretic and restless and states that his bladder feels full and he feels the urge to urinate. At this time, vital signs are noted to be: T 36.9c, HR 91, RR 28, BP 146/91 SPO2 98%. On review of his documentation it is found that his fluid status has a positive 500ml balance and his urine is of red colour. There are blood clots in his urine. Required: 1. In relation to your chosen patient, discuss the pathophysiology of their condition and using evidence based practice explore current treatment options for your patients condition, include any pharmacological and non-pharmacological considerations.2. Critically discuss four (4) components of the PACU discharge criteria outlined in the Aldrete Scale. Utilize the scale provided on LEO as a resource in your case study.3. Develop a discharge plan to support your patient on discharge. Include any education you deem relevant, any referrals to allied health professional/s required, and discuss your rationale. Answers: 1. According to the case study, John Wong is suffering from hypothyroidism, osteoporosis and is currently diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia. Hypothyroidism is said to be a condition, caused because of deficient thyroid hormone production from thyroid gland. The HPT or hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis administers the secretion of thyroid hormone. Osteoporosis is said to be a progressive bone disease, where bone density and mass decrease and can cause an increased possibility of fracture. Benign prostate hyperplasia is considered as the condition of benign increase in prostate size (McEvoy, 2013). It includes hyperplasia of epithelial and stromal cells, giving rise to discrete, large nodule formation within the transitional zone of prostate. If these nodules grow sufficiently large they affect the urethra and resist urine flow from bladder. Both stromal and glandular epithelial cells, along with muscular fibers go through hyperplasia phase in benign prostate hyperplasia (Is aacs, 2008). Evidences have supported the fact that out of the two different tissues, stromal cell hyperplasia prevails but the accurate ratio is still not clear (Lin et al., 2007). Benign prostate hyperplasia is strongly related with prostate transitional zone and posterior urethral glands. The initial indications of this condition usually initiate between 30-50years of age in posterior urethral glands that are present next to proximal urethra. In this incident mostly the growth takes place in transition zone (Foster, 2000). Apart from these two recognized zones, another area called peripheral zone is believed to be involved with this condition, but to a slighter extent. Prostate cancer initiates in peripheral zone. To rule out the possibility of cancer, usually the nodules, which are formed in the transitional zone, are biopsied. The American Urological Association has stated that BPH is incurable; hence treatment should be focused on lessening the indications (Strope, Yang, Neppl e, Andriole Owens, 2012). The treatments depend upon the symptoms severity. A surgeon may recommend a patient for surgery, for example: transurethral needle ablation, transurethral resection of prostate or transurethral microwave therapy. BPH affects individuals quality of life, so proper nursing care (non-phrmacological), apart from the pharmacological care is very much important (Mitropoulos et al., 2002). A nurse should convey the patient that he should not rush his urination, he should feel relaxed while using toilet. He should properly distribute his fluid intake throughout a day. Pharmacological considerations include application of drugs like alpha blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, phytotherapeutics and anticholinergics. These drugs are focused on complication prevention and change of disease progression, which are linked with BPH. 2. Patients do recover in post anesthetic care unit (PACU), requires proper airway management and accurate monitoring to avoid post operative difficulties (Litwack, 2009). The Aldrete scale is said to be a recovery measurement scale which is used after anaesthesia. This scale includes estimating consciousness, respiration, blood pressure and activity. In the care unit after anesthesia, the nurse anesthesia, anesthesiologist and the nurse anesthetist involves patient condition, surgery performed; type of given anesthesia, blood loss, total fluid input and urine output during surgery (Tzeng, 2000). The PACU nurse should note if any surgical complications are present, including differences in blood circulation stability. Evaluation of patients airway openness, consciousness level, vital signs are considered as the fundamental priorities after admission to the post anesthetic care unit. Apart from that other assessment categories are surgical site, body temperature (hyperthermia/hypother mia), patency of drainage tubes, rate of intravenous fluids, sensation in extremities after surgery, sensation level after local anesthesia, vomiting pain status. Surgical site assessment includes intact dressings without any indications of bleeding. Assessment of drainage tube patency means that checking proper opening of tubes. A patient can only be discharged from care unit when he/she meets set up discharge criteria, as identified by the Aldrete scale. This scale scores patients respiratory status, mobility, pulse oximetry, conscious and circulation. The importance of Aldrete scale includes checking consciousness after anesthesia. Not only that this will also help the nurses to understand a patients current health condition after a surgery and anaesthesia. The assigned score is also responsible for checking blood pressure, respiration and activity. According to Aldrete score an individual patient should score nine or more for confirmed recovery. If the patient do not meet the scoring criteria then he/she should not be released to general ward. This is because his/her condition might deteriorate after surgery. Aldrete scoring: Activity: four extremities: Two extremities: No extremities: Respiration: Deep breathing and freely coughing Shallow, dyspnoea or limited breathing: Apnoea: Circulation: Blood pressure within 20mm Hg prior surgery Blood pressure within 20-50mmHg prior surgery Blood pressure +/-50mm Hg prior surgery Consciousness Fully awake Arousal on calling Unresponsive Oxygen saturation Saturation92% Requires oxygen to retain saturation90% Saturation90% with oxygen Based on surgery types and patients condition, he/she may be admitted to intensive care unit or general surgical ward. After anesthesia patient may still be in sedative condition, hence patient safety is a fundamental goal. Patients may be discharged from care unit to general ward or home after their proper urination, capacity to moving out of bed and have development of oral intake capacity. In this case study it is seen that after arrival to PACU John is placed in a supine position. This is a good approach to ensure that patient is under good airway management. Airway management is said to be a medical process to make sure that there is open passageway between outside world and patient lungs along with diminishing aspiration risk (Lvstad, Granhus Hetland, 2000). John is restless, drowsy and oxygenated through a facemask. Oxygenated mask is an additional process which assists smooth air passage. This would help John to avoid the condition of hypoxaemia or low oxygen level in blood. John has a normal body temperature, yet he is shivering, which might be because of pain after surgery, hence monitoring of his body temperature is significant. During pre-admission it is recorded that John is hypertensive and also after the surgery his blood pressure is 150/90, which is more than the standard blood pressure level. Elevated blood pressure can worsen Johns complications. It is mentioned that John is drowsy after surgery, so grading consciousness is important with the help of Glasgow Coma Scale. It is a neurological scale which gives an objective and reliable way of documenting conscious state of an individual for primary assessment as well as following assessment. An individual is evaluated against the scale criteria and results provide that individual a score between3-15. This scale is used not only to determine consciousness level after head injury, this scale is also used to monitor chronic patient in intensive care unit. Hence, it is justified to use GCS in Johns case (Sartorius et al., 2010). This scale mainly indicates the state of central nervous system of an individual. It is considered as one of the most important sy stem of human system that receives signals, coordinates and influence activity of all parts of the human system. Therefore, checking the status of central nervous system for level of consciousness and activity is very much needed. John has an indwelling catheter with nonstop bladder irrigation, his urine output noted to be reddish pink. So, the PACU nurse should check whether this is because the presence of any kind of infection or because John recently undergone TURP. John has undergone a TURP surgery; therefore, it is common to see some reddish pink colored blood in urine after the operation. The nurse should have the understanding that, if urine represents much bright reddish color for more than 48hours, they should inform the doctor for further advice. Johns heart rate is 90, which might represent his painful condition immediately after surgery. 3. Discharge planning is considered as an important part of health care to maintain patient care quality at home and to avoid readmissions (Eliopoulos, 2010). Hence for John, a proper and effective discharge planning need to be prepared. The following discharge plan is important for John in terms of holistic nursing (Nsameluh, 2005). The nurse should make the patient understand about each and every detail mentioned in the discharge plan. John is an 80years old male so it is quite obvious for him to forget various information regarding his health status. Hence, the hospital should arrange a nurse aide for him, who can continue his treatment and care at his residence. It is also mentioned in the case study that John lives alone, so assisting him with a nurse aide is very much significant for John. John should be referred to a dietician and physician. This is because he has recently undergone a surgery and to maintain his health condition he should consume adequate amount of liquid. He is suffering from poor gait; this is because of osteoporosis and also the uncomfortable feeling from BPH. After surgery to improve his movement light aerobic exercises are very much important to recommend for John. This might include leg exercises for short period of time in every hour. With proper nursing care, intervention and discharge plan, health care professionals can accomplish their care goal and thus can improve the quality of life of the patient and their wellbeing. References Eliopoulos, C. (2010).Gerontological nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Foster, C. (2000). Pathology of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Prostate,45(S9), 4-14. doi:10.1002/1097-0045(2000)45:9+3.0.co;2-q Isaacs, J. (2008). Prostate stem cells and benign prostatic hyperplasia.Prostate,68(9), 1025-1034. doi:10.1002/pros.20763 Lin, V., Wang, S., Vazquez, D., C. Xu, C., Zhang, S., Tang, L. (2007). Prostatic stromal cells derived from benign prostatic hyperplasia specimens possess stem cell like property.Prostate,67(12), 1265-1276. doi:10.1002/pros.20599 Litwack, K. (2009).Clinical coach for effective perioperative nursing care. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis. 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